V18-112
V18-212
Tube Guitar Amplifier
with Reverb
Owner’s Manual
V18-112/V18-212 Tube Guitar Amplifier with Reverb
Introduction
Congratulations! You are now the proud owner of a Crate V18-112 or V18-212 tube guitar
amplifier. This combo amplifier packs a whole lot of vintage tube sound and classic spring
reverb into its compact cabinet, providing you with an amp that is portable and easy to oper-
ate, yet still produces incredible sounds!
The V-Series amps offer the versatility required for many different musical styles, and have the
unique tonal purity of a hot-rodded tube amp. The V18-112 and V18-212 are single-channel
amplifiers with gain and master volume controls, treble/mid/bass tone controls, and an inter-
nal spring reverb. They crank out 18 watts from a pair of EL84 tubes into either one (V18-112)
or two (V18-212) internal speakers.
Like all Crate products, your V18 amplifier is designed by musicians and built using only the
best components. Each amplifier is tested to confirm that it meets our specifications, and we
believe that this amplifier is the absolute best that it can be.
In order to get the most out of your new amplifier, please read this manual before you begin
playing.
And thank you for choosing Crate.
Here are some of the features packed into your new V18 Combo Amplifier:
• Two EL84 power vacuum tubes for smooth overdrive sound
• 18 watts rms power output
• V18-112: 1 x 12" ceramic speaker
V18-212: 2 x 12" ceramic speakers
• Line output for connecting to a mixer or recorder
• 3-band EQ
• Reverb control
3
V18-112/V18-212 Tube Guitar Amplifier with Reverb
The Front Panel
G A I N
L E V E L
T R E B L E
M I D D L E
B A S S
R E V E R B
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
6
4
6
4
6
4
6
4
6
4
6
O N
O N
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
7
9
7
9
7
9
7
9
7
9
7
9
2
8
2
8
2
8
2
8
2
8
2
8
I N P U T
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
S TA N D B Y
P O W E R
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1. INPUT: Use this jack to connect your
7. REVERB: Use this to adjust the amount
of reverb. Fully counter-clockwise is
“dry” (no reverb). Rotate clockwise to
increase the amount of reverb.
guitar to the amplifier using a shielded
instrument cable.
2. GAIN: Use this to adjust the gain for
the channel’s Overdrive. With the control
turned counter-clockwise, the gain is
low and very little distortion is present.
As you rotate it clockwise, the gain
increases, producing more overdrive
distortion, and a higher output volume
level.
8. LAMP: This illuminates when the ampli-
fier is turned on.
9. ON/STANDBY Switch: Use this switch
to activate the amplifier after the On/Off
switch (14) is turned on.
Always turn this switch OFF first, and
ON last! Turn the On/Off switch (10) on
at least 30 seconds before turning on
the standby switch.
3. LEVEL: Use this to adjust the overall
output level.
4. TREBLE: Use this to adjust the output
level of the high frequencies. The adjust-
ment range is 12 dB at 6 kHz.
During short breaks, you should turn
this switch off, and leave the On/Off
switch on. This will help prolong the life
of the amplifier tubes.
5. MIDDLE: Use this to adjust the output
level of the mid frequencies. The adjust-
ment range is 10 dB at 1 kHz.
10. ON/OFF SWITCH: Use this switch to
turn the amplifier on and off.
6. BASS: Use this to adjust the output
level of the low frequencies. The adjust-
ment range is 8 dB at 150 Hz.
Always turn this switch ON first and OFF
last! Turn the Standby switch (9) on at
least 30 seconds after turning on the
On/Off switch.
4
V18-112/V18-212 Tube Guitar Amplifier with Reverb
The Rear Panel
D E S I G N E D I N S T. L O U I S M O , U S A . M A N U FA C T U R E D I N C H I N A , FA B R I Q U E E N C H I N E
c
2 0 0 7 L O U D T E C H N O L O G I E S I N C
L I N E O U T
S P E A K E R
8Ohms
R E V E R B
IN OUT
11
12
~120-240VAC
50-60 Hz
SERIAL NUMBER
N222
C
US
3031613
CONFORMS TO
IEC 60065
MANUFACTURING DATE
WARNING: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT
EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT TO RAIN OR MOISTURE. DO NOT REMOVE COVER. NO
USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED PERSONNEL.
AVIS: RISQUE DE CHOC ELECTRIQUE
—
NE PAS OUVRIR
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation
is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) This device must accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation.
13 14
15
16
11. AC LINE CORD: The grounded power
cord should only be plugged into a
grounded power outlet that meets
13. REVERB IN Jack: The V18 is shipped
with a cable connected from this jack to
the input of the internal spring reverb.
all applicable electrical codes, and is
compatible with the voltage, power, and
frequency requirements stated on the
V50-112 rear panel. Do not attempt to
defeat the safety ground connection.
14. REVERB OUT Jack: The V18 is
shipped with a cable connected from
this jack to the output of the internal
spring reverb.
15. LINE OUT: Use this 1/4" TS jack to
send the signal from the preamplifier
stage of the V18 to a mixer or recorder.
The signal comes after the EQ stage
but before the reverb stage.
12. Voltage Select Switch: Set this switch
to “115” for 120 VAC mains, and to
“230” for 220-240 VAC mains.
With the amplifier power cord
unplugged, use the tip of a small flat-
blade screwdriver to slide this switch to
the proper position.
16. SPEAKER 8 OHMS: The V18 is
shipped with a cable connected from
this jack to the internal speaker(s).
V18-112: One 8-ohm speaker
V18-212: Two 16-ohm speakers in
parallel = 8 ohm load
5
V18-112/V18-212 Tube Guitar Amplifier with Reverb
Important Information about Tubes and Tube Products:
A Brief History Of The Tube:
In 1883, Edison discovered that electrons would flow from a suspended filament when
enclosed in an evacuated lamp. Years later, in 1905, Fleming expanded on Edison’s discovery
and created the “Fleming Valve.” Then, in 1907, Dr. Lee de Forest added a third component
– the grid – to the “Fleming Valve” and the vacuum tube was a fact of life. The door to elec-
tronic amplification was now open.
During World War II, data gleaned from their intensive research on the detectors used in radar
systems, led Bell Telephone Laboratories to the invention of the transistor. This reliable little
device gained quick support as the new component for amplification. The death of the vacuum
tube seemed imminent as designers, scientists, and engineers reveled in the idea of replacing
large, fragile glass tubes with these small, solid-state devices.
However, there were (and still are) many serious listeners who realized that the sound pro-
duced by a “transistor” amplifier is significantly different from that produced by a tube ampli-
fier with identical design specifications. They considered the sound produced by these new
solid-state devices to be hard, brittle, and lifeless. It was determined that solid-state devices
produced a less musical set of harmonics than tubes. When pushed past their limits, they tend
to mute the tone and emphasize the distortion.
Tubes, on the other hand, produce a more musical set of harmonics, the intensity of which
can be controlled by the player. This characteristic adds warmth and definition to the sound
which has become the hallmark of tube amplifiers. When tubes are driven into clipping, the
harmonic overtones can be both sweet and pleasing or intense and penetrating, depending on
the musician’s musical taste and playing technique.
Over the years, application engineers have designed a number of outstanding solid-state
amplifiers that sound very, very good. Some use special circuitry which enables them to simu-
late the distortion characteristics of a tube amplifier. However, the tube amplifier, still held in
the highest esteem by many musicians, offers a classic “vintage” sound in a contemporary
market.
Tube Types And Usage:
Tube amplifiers are based primarily on two types of tubes – preamplifier tubes and power
tubes. The tubes used in preamplifiers (12AX7, 12AU7, 12AT7, etc.) are smaller than the
power tubes. These tubes amplify the signal from your instrument and shape the sound. They
are inherently microphonic (they can mechanically pick up and transmit external noises). Since
these tubes are used in the critical first stages of a tube amplifier’s circuitry, it is very impor-
tant to use high-quality, low noise/low microphonic tubes for this application. Although tubes
of this quality may be difficult to find and typically cost more than “off-the-shelf” tubes, the
improvement in performance is worth the investment.
Preamplifier tubes are also used to drive the power tubes. When used in this application, a
12AX7 will produce a more distorted tone than a 12AT7, which produces a clearer, sweeter
sound. A 12AU7 is even cleaner and brighter than a 12AT7, giving more definition to the
sound. (In some cases it is possible to change the sound by changing the type of preamp
and/or driver tubes. When making any modification to your equipment, it is highly recommend-
ed that you consult with a qualified service center.)
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V18-112/V18-212 Tube Guitar Amplifier with Reverb
Important Information About Tubes and Tube Products (continued):
The power tubes are the largest tubes used in an amplifier. These tubes convert the low-level,
conditioned signal from the preamplifier into a level that is sufficient to drive the speakers.
There are several types of power tubes available, each of which offers a different perfor-
mance/sound characteristic. For example, the EL34 power tube produces a great classic rock
sound. When an EL34 is driven into distortion, it produces a unique sound (“crunch”). When
compared to the 6L6, the EL34 distorts more quickly, exhibits a “looser” low-end response
and produces more harmonics at mid and high frequencies (“creamier” sound). These differ-
ences become more noticeable at higher volumes.
The EL84 is similar to the EL34 but produces less output power. It can be easily driven into
distortion and is characterized by a smooth, sweet tone with excellent touch sensitivity.
6L6 tubes produce a big low-end thump and have a very good dynamic range. They offer a
more traditional “American Rock” sound. The 6V6 tubes produce a creamy sound with nice
distortion. On the other hand, the KT88 produces a big low-end but sounds more like an EL34
in the mid and high frequencies.
6550 power tubes are more rugged and stay cleaner-sounding even at full power. When they
do distort, the sound produced is more solid and has a tighter low end; more of a “heavy
metal” type distortion with lots of power.
Some tubes are available in matched sets. These tubes have been extensively tested for opti-
mum performance and longevity.
The Nature Of Tubes — Why (And When) To Replace Them:
Tubes are made up of a number of fragile mechanical components that are vacuum-sealed in a
glass envelope or bubble. The tube’s longevity is based on a number of factors which include
how hard and often the amplifier is played, vibration from the speakers, road travel, repeated
set up and tear down, etc.
Any time you notice a change in your amplifier’s performance, check the tubes first.
If it’s been a while since the tubes were replaced and the sound from your amplifier lacks
punch, fades in and out, loses highs or lows or produces unusual sounds, the power tubes
probably need to be replaced. If your amplifier squeals, makes noise, loses gain, starts to
hum, lacks “sensitivity”, or feels as if it is working against you, the preamplifier tubes may
need to be replaced.
The power tubes are subjected to considerably more stress than the preamplifier tubes.
Consequently, they almost always fail/degrade first. If deteriorating power tubes aren’t
replaced they will ultimately fail. Depending on the failure mode, they may even cause severe
damage to the audio output transformer and/or other components in the amplifier. Replacing
the tubes before they fail completely has the potential to save you time, money and unwanted
trouble. Since power tubes work together in an amplifier, it is crucial that they (if there is more
than one) be replaced by a matched set. If you’re on the road a lot, we recommend that you
carry a spare matched set of replacement power tubes and their associated driver tubes.
After turning off the power and disconnecting the amplifier from the power source, carefully
check the tubes (in bright light) for cracks or white spots inside the glass or any other appar-
ent damage. Then, with the power on, view the tubes in a dark room. Look for preamplifier
tubes that do not glow at all or power tubes that glow excessively red.
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V18-112/V18-212 Tube Guitar Amplifier with Reverb
Important Information About Tubes and Tube Products (continued):
Whenever you replace the power tube(s):
• Always have the amplifier’s bias voltage checked by a qualified service center. Improper
bias voltage will cause degradation in performance and possibly damage the tubes and/or
the amplifier. (See “The Importance of Proper Biasing”, below for more information).
• We highly recommend that you replace the driver tube(s) as well. The driver tube deter-
mines the shape and amplitude of the signal applied to the power tube(s) and has to work
almost as hard as the power tube(s).
You can check your preamplifier tubes for microphonics by turning the amplifier on, turning up
the gain and tapping lightly on each tube with the end of a pencil or a chop stick (my favorite).
You will be able to hear the tapping through your speakers, which is normal. It is not normal
for a tube to ring like a bell after it’s tapped. If it does ring then it’s microphonic and should be
replaced. Remember to use only high quality, low microphonic tubes in the preamplifier section.
Even though power tubes are rarely microphonic, you should check them anyway. The power
tubes can be checked for microphonics just like pre-amp tubes.
In the case of very high gain amps, you may be able to reduce the amount of noise generated
by simply swapping the preamp tubes around.
The Importance Of Proper Biasing:
For the best performance and longest tube life, proper biasing is imperative. Bias is the nega-
tive voltage which is applied to the power tube’s control grid to set the level of idle current.
We cannot over emphasize the difference in warmth of tone and dynamic response that come
with proper biasing. If the bias is set too high (over biased), the sound from the amp will be
distorted at all levels. If the bias is set too low, (under biased) the power tubes will run hot (the
plates inside the tubes may glow red due to excessive heat) and the sound from the amplifier
will lack power and punch. The excessive heat greatly reduces tube life – from a few days to
as little as a few hours in extreme cases. Setting the bias on your amp is like setting the idle
on your car. If it’s too high or hot it’s running away with you and if it’s too low or cold it will
choke when you step on it.
The bias is adjusted at the factory in accordance with the type of power tube(s) installed in
your amplifier. It is important to point out that tubes of the same type and specification typi-
cally exhibit different performance characteristics. Consequently, whenever power tubes are
replaced, the bias voltage must be checked (unless the amplifier is equipped with “self-biasing”
circuitry) and readjusted to accommodate the operating parameters of the replacement tubes.
Depending on the model and amplifier type, there may be hum balance controls, trim pots, or
bias adjustment controls on its rear panel. However, the bias adjustment should be performed
only by qualified service personnel with the proper, calibrated test equipment.
8
V18-112/V18-212 Tube Guitar Amplifier with Reverb
Important Information About Tubes and Tube Products (continued):
Survival Tips For Tube Amplifiers:
To prolong tube life, observe these tips and recommendations:
• Match the impedance of your speaker cabinet(s) to your amplifier. Improper impedance
matching will contribute to early tube degradation and may cause premature tube failure.
• Make sure the speaker(s) are properly connected prior to turning on the amplifier.
• After playing the amplifier, allow sufficient time for it to properly cool down prior to moving
it. A properly cooled amplifier prolongs tube life due to the internal components being less
susceptible to the damage caused by vibration.
• Allow the amplifier to warm up to room temperature before turning it on. The heat gener-
ated by the tube elements can crack a cold glass housing.
• Replace the output tube(s) before the performance degrades or the tubes fail completely.
Replace the tube(s) on a regular basis (at least once per year or as often as every 4 to 6
months if you play long and hard every day).
• Always have the bias checked after replacing the output tubes (unless the amplifier is
equipped with “selfbiasing circuitry”). This should be done ONLY at a qualified service
center. Improper biasing could result in the tubes running too hot, which greatly reduces
the life of the tubes – or too cold, which results in distorted sound regardless of level
settings. Do not play the amplifier if it exhibits these symptoms – get the bias checked/
adjusted immediately to prevent tube failure and/or other damage.
• If the locating notch on the base of a power tube breaks off, replace the tube. This signifi-
cantly reduces the risk of damaging your amplifier by incorrectly inserting the tube.
• Protect the amplifier from dust and moisture. If liquid gets into the amplifier proper, or
if the amplifier is dropped or otherwise mechanically abused, have it checked out at an
authorized service center before using it.
• Proper maintenance and cleaning in combination with routine checkups by your authorized
service center will insure the best performance and longest life from your amplifier.
CAUTION: Tube replacement should be performed only by qualified service personnel
who are familiar with the dangers of hazardous voltages that are typically present in
tube circuitry.
9
V18-112/V18-212 Tube Guitar Amplifier with Reverb
System Block Diagram
12AX7A
V1B
12AX7A
V2A
12AX7A
V2B
12AX7A
V1A
GUITAR
INPUT
OVERDRIVE
GAIN
TREBLE MID BASS
EL84
PHASE
SPLITTER
LINE
OUT
12AX7A
V3A
OVERDRIVE
LEVEL
8 OHM
INTERNAL
SPEAKER
12AX7A
V3B
EL84
REVERB
IN
REVERB
OUT
REVERB
LEVEL
10
V18-112/V18-212 Tube Guitar Amplifier with Reverb
Service Information
If you are having a problem with your V18-112 or V18-212, you can go to our website
during business hours (7 am to 5 pm PST, Monday-Friday). If you are outside of the U.S.,
contact your local distributor for technical support and service.
The V18-112/V18-212 is covered with a durable fabric-backed vinyl material. Wipe it clean with a
lint-free cloth. Never spray cleaning agents onto the cabinet. Avoid abrasive cleansers which would
damage the finish.
Crate continually develops new products, as well as improves existing ones. For this reason, the specifications
and information in this manual are subject to change without notice.
“Crate” is a registered trademark of LOUD Technologies Inc. All other brand names mentioned are trademarks or
registered trademarks of their respective holders and are hereby acknowledged.
Declaration Of Conformity
Manufacturer:
LOUD Technologies Inc.
16220 Wood-Red Rd. NE
Woodinville, WA 98072, USA
Product Name:
Product Type:
Complies with Standards:
LVD:
Crate V18-112/V18-212
Audio Amplifier
92/31/EEC, 93/68/EEC, & 73/23/EWG
EN60065
EN55013, EN55020, EN55022, EN55103, EN61000-3-2,
& EN61000-3-3
Safety:
EMC:
The official Declaration of Conformity for this product is kept on file at:
LOUD Technologies Inc., 16220 Wood-Red Road NE, Woodinville, WA 98072 • Tel: 1-866-858-5832
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V18-112/V18-212 Tube Guitar Amplifier with Reverb
V18-112/V18-212 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Output Power Rating
18 W rms @ 5% THD, 8 ohm load, 120 VAC
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
42 dB, Typical
Gain
EQ
98 dB, all controls @ 10
Treble: 12 dB range @ 6 kHz
Middle:10 dB range @ 1 kHz
Bass: 8 dB range @ 150 Hz
Speaker Specs
V18-112:
V18-212:
1 x 12", 50 W, 8 ohm, 1.75" voice coil diameter,
30 oz magnet
2 x 12", 50 W, 16 ohm in parallel, 1.75" voice coil
diameter, 30 oz magnet
Preamp Tubes
(3) 12AX7A
(2) EL84
Power Tubes
Power Requirements
90-132 VAC, 60 Hz, 75 VA
220-240 VAC, 50 Hz, 75 VA
Size (H x W x D)
Weight
V18-112:
V18-212:
18.75 in/47.6 cm x 24.00 in/61.0 cm x
10.25 in/26.0 cm
21.25 in/54.0 cm x 27.75 in/70.5 cm x
10.5 in/26.7 cm
V18-112:
V18-212:
39.7 lb/18.0 kg
50.7 lb/23.0 kg
@2007 LOUD Technologies Inc.
16220 Wood-Red Road NE • Woodinville, WA 98072
Part No. 0024535 Rev. A1 04/07
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